Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT), Infertility, Difficult to get pregnant – Prime Fertility Center
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) using NGS technique in ICSI treatment
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) refers to a genetic screening performed on embryos before transferring to the uterine cavity in order to identify genetic abnormalities caused by the number of chromosomes and/or some specific genes in certain diseases. This test is important as it can lower the risks of genetic abnormalities in an embryo.
Mostly, PGT is recommended to couples with high risk of having babies or with genetic diseases. By this test, only healthy embryos without genetic disorders will be selected for embryo transfer. PGT is performed by the biopsy of blastocyst embryo (embryo day 5-6). Only a small number of trophectoderm cells will be extracted to check the genetic abnormalities.
5 Groups of patients who will get the benefits of PGT
Generally, PGT will be introduced to these 5 groups of patients undergoing fertility treatment:
1. Women who are older than 35 years (Advanced Maternal Age: AMA)
2. Couples who have failed in IVF
3. Couples who realize the genetic diseases of themselves, family member, or previous child that are hereditary, such as Thalassemia, Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
4. Couples with chromosomal translocation which is considered a type of chromosome abnormalities
5. Patients with recurrent miscarriage
Embryo’s Chromosome Testing by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)
NGS is the special technique in detecting abnormalities of a gene deep to its base sequences, the smallest component of one chromosome, by comparing these sequences of abnormal gene to the normal one. Normally, a human body consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes and each chromosome controls the physical characteristics and functions of the body. One chromosome consists of genes. Each gene contains amino acids which have a great number of base sequences. Those who receive abnormal genes or mutated genes from genetic inheritance will experience genetic disorders accordingly.
Therefore, this technique can be highly accurate in detecting chromosome abnormalities. It is applied to the Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) which is the best examination technique nowadays.
Advantage
The advantage of performing PGT with NGS is that the result of diagnosing abnormalities in all 23 pairs of chromosomes can be 99.9% accurate and can provide very thorough information.
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